Cholera is a term commonly used in the Polish language to refer to a highly infectious and potentially fatal disease. In Poland, like in other countries, the word 'cholera' is associated with a specific medical condition caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. However, it is also used in a broader sense to describe any situation or event that is considered disastrous or unfortunate. The primary definition of 'cholera' in Polish is the specific disease caused by Vibrio cholerae. It is characterized by severe diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration, and can spread rapidly through contaminated water or food. In Poland, the term 'cholera' is often used in a medical context to discuss cases, symptoms, treatment, and preventive measures against this dangerous disease. Apart from its medical meaning, 'cholera' is also used in a figurative sense. When something terrible or catastrophic happens, Poles may use 'cholera' to express their frustration or disappointment. For example, if a person misses an important meeting due to traffic, they might exclaim, "Cholera, I should have left earlier!" In addition to 'cholera', there are related words and phrases that are commonly used in Polish to discuss this disease. These include 'choleryczny' (choleric), which describes someone who is easily angered or irritable, as well as 'cholerstwo' (a swear word derived from cholera), which is used to express anger or frustration in a vulgar way. It is important to note that 'cholerstwo' is considered offensive and should be used with caution. To understand the usage of 'cholera' in a sentence, consider the following example: "Wybuch cholery w mie?cie spowodowa? panik?" (The outbreak of cholera in the city caused panic). In this sentence, 'cholera' refers to the disease itself and highlights the severity and impact of the outbreak. In conclusion, 'cholera' is a word commonly used in the Polish language to refer to both the specific disease caused by Vibrio cholerae and to express frustration or disappointment in a broader sense. It is crucial to be aware of its figurative usage and related words to communicate effectively and sensitively in the Polish language.